CLASS在美国学前教育机构质量评估中的应用及启示Implementation of Classroom Assessment Scoring System in Quality Evaluation of American Early Childhood Settings and its Implications
王磊;
WANG Lei;Department of Preschool Education,School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University;
摘要(Abstract):
近年来,美国"课堂互动评估系统"(CLASS)以其更可靠地预测儿童发展成就的优势成为有效评估师生互动质量乃至学前教育机构质量的新工具。CLASS是开端计划中学前教育机构准入标准制定的重要工具,是机构质量评级与改进系统的核心工具,有助于诊断和改进机构质量问题并促进教师专业发展。因此,在国内学前教育机构质量评估与改进中,各方人员应聚焦"过程质量"特别是"师生互动"质量,尝试使用CLASS评估机构质量并细化评估标准等。
In recent years,American Classroom Assessment Scoring System(CLASS)hasbecome a new effective tool for evaluating quality of teacher- child interaction and earlychildhood settings based on its validity to predict outcomes of young children's develop-ment. This tool is applied to establishing specific standards for licensing early childhoodsettings in Head Start,and plays an vital role in Quality Rating and Improvement Systems.Moreover, it helps diagnosing problems, improving quality of early childhood settings andalso promoting professional development. Thus,stakeholders should focus on educationalprocess especially teacher-child interaction for assessing and improving quality of kinder-gartens,and try to use CLASS to evaluate quality of domestic kindergartens and modify li-censing and rating standards.
关键词(KeyWords):
课堂互动评估系统;师生互动;学前教育机构;质量评估
Classroom Assessment Scoring System(CLASS);teacher-child interaction;early childhood settings;quality assessment
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors):
王磊;
WANG Lei;Department of Preschool Education,School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University;
参考文献(References):
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- 1《课堂互动评估系统》主要聚焦师生互动的评估,而《幼儿学习环境量表》也包含“活动”和“互动”两个与师生互动相关的评估项目,但后者主要用结构性指标来评估学习环境质量,而并非聚焦互动质量。
- 1质量评级与改进系统中采用多种测评工具或方法。量化工具主要有《课堂互动评估系统》、《幼儿学习环境量表》、《婴儿、学步儿学习环境量表》(Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale Revised Edition,简称ITERS-R)、《保育者互动量表》(Caregiver Interaction Scale,简称CIS)。此外还采用了质的方法收集评估信息。
- 1 当前《课堂互动评估系统》在国内使用是受限的,其一该量表必须购买使用,其二合格的评估者必须参加短期培训获得认证且要持续年审,其三虽然国外研究认为该量表的跨文化信效度很高,但仍要经历本土化的检验过程。不过国内已有少数研究者开始尝试用该量表做幼儿园师生互动的评估,比如,李林慧.早期阅读教育活动中的师幼互动分析——浅谈教育活动评价计分系统(CLASS)的运用[J].幼儿教育,2010,(10):19-24;黄瑾,田方.幼儿园半日活动情境下的师幼互动研究——基于CLASS课堂互动评估系统的观察分析[J].上海教育科研,2012,(10):88-91.
- 2 不可忽视的是国内区域间及城乡间幼教事业发展的不均衡。因此,对偏远地区、农村地区幼儿园而言,提高教育质量的首要问题是关注师生互动质量还是弥补办园基本硬件设施、教师资质和卫生保健工作的不足,这是值得研究的。
- 课堂互动评估系统
- 师生互动
- 学前教育机构
- 质量评估
Classroom Assessment Scoring System(CLASS) - teacher-child interaction
- early childhood settings
- quality assessment